What are the fundamental differences between G00 and G01 commands in CNC programming, and what is each used for?

G00 and G01 are two fundamental G-codes in CNC programming that control the movement of the tool. Their fundamental difference lies in how the tool moves to the target point and whether machining (cutting) occurs during this movement.

G00 (Rapid Traverse): This command allows the tool to move to a target coordinate at the machine's maximum permissible speed without performing any cutting. G00 is used to minimize non-productive time. Since the axes can move independently at their maximum speeds during the movement, the path the tool takes may not be a straight line (this is sometimes referred to as 'dog-leg' movement).

G01 (Linear Interpolation): This command enables the tool to machine material (remove chips) by moving in a straight line at a programmed feed rate (F value). It is used for creating precise cuts, straight edges, and shapes. The CNC controller coordinates the movement of all axes to ensure the tool reaches the target in a straight line at the specified feed rate.

In summary, G00 is a rapid, non-cutting positioning command, while G01 is a command for straight-line movement with controlled feed rate, performing machining.